Splenic-flexure syndrome - is a term sometimes used to describe bloating, muscle spasms of the colon, and upper abdominal discomfort thought to be caused by trapped gas at the splenic (as opposed to hepatic) flexure in the colon the pain caused can be excruciating and… … Wikipedia Care is necessary to optimize fluids in the perioperative period to prevent ischemic colitis.Splenic flexure - n the sharp bend of the colon under the spleen where the transverse colon joins the descending colon called also left colic flexure … Medical dictionary This condition typically presents with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea in the post-surgical period. Ĭolonic ischemia or ischemic colitis is a dangerous complication following aortic surgery, as well as any perioperative hypotension. In cases where an anastomosis is not possible, an ostomy can still allow passage of stool past the skin barrier into an ostomy bag. The choice of operation depends on the location and extent of the colonic pathology. Side-to-side and side-to-end anastomoses are preferable to transanal anastomoses due to decreased incidence of anastomotic leakage. Simple excision with primary anastomosis is also an option. These include a right hemicolectomy, extended right hemicolectomy, left hemicolectomy, extended left hemicolectomy, abdominoperineal resection. Multiple surgical approaches are possible for colonic resection. The ascending colon, descending colon, rectum, and anal canal are retroperitoneal structures. The cecum is an intraperitoneal organ, however, as it is covered on all sides by peritoneum. The cecum also is located intraperitoneally, but it lacks a mesentery. The appendix, transverse colon, and sigmoid colon are intraperitoneal organs. In females, the rectum has an anterior relationship to the recto-uterine pouch, cervix, uterus, and vagina. The rectum is anteriorly related to the rectovesical pouch, prostate, bladder, urethra, and seminal vesicles in males. The rectum has an expanded middle segment called the ampulla. It transitions to the anal canal at the level of the puborectal sling, which is formed by the fibers of the levator ani muscles. It is fixed, primarily retroperitoneal, and subperitoneal in location. The rectum occupies the concavity of the sacrococcygeal curvature. The sigmoid colon is an S-shaped loop of varying length and becomes the rectum at the level of S3. The sigmoid colon links the descending colon to the rectum. It terminates into the sigmoid colon, which is the fifth part of the large intestine. The descending colon is a retroperitoneal organ and related to paracolic gutters on either side. The two are demarcated at the splenic flexure. The transverse colon continues as the descending colon. The transverse colon is attached to a mesentery, the transverse mesocolon, which has its root along the inferior border of the pancreas. The left colic flexure is less mobile than the right and is attached to the diaphragm through the phrenocolic ligament. It is found between the right and left colic flexures. The transverse colon is the third, most mobile, and longest part of the large intestine. Ascending colon is a retroperitoneal organ and has paracolic gutters on either side. At this point, it makes a left turn at the right colic flexure (hepatic flexure). The ascending colon runs superiorly on the right side of the abdomen from the right iliac fossa to the right lobe of the liver. The cecum is continuous with the second part of the large intestine: the ascending colon. It has a short triangular mesentery called the mesoappendix. The tip of the appendix frequently floats in the peritoneal cavity and is most commonly located in a retrocecal position. The base of the appendix lies on the posteromedial wall of the cecum about 1 to 2 centimeters below the ileocecal junction. The appendix is a thin cylindrical organ with a blind attachment to the cecum. The terminal ileum opens into the cecum on the medial wall, and the ileocecal valve guards this opening. The cecum is the proximal blind pouch of the ascending colon, lying at the level of the ileocecal junction.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |